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| Glossary |
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| Definitions and Chemical Formula |
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Word |
Definition |
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Bittern |
Bittern is the high density residual liquor removed from the crystallisers before harvesting of the salt. It contains mainly the magnesium and potassium salts that may contaminate the salt. The bittern may be run off when the specific gravity (SG) is 1.250, as above this point magnesium salts begin to crystallise. At SG 1.280, over 90% of the sodium chloride present in the salt water has crystallised. |
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Brine |
Brine is a salt water solution. The term brine is used to refer both to a natural source of salt water and a solution created by dissolving salt in water. |
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Common Salt |
Common salt is another term for sodium chloride, but is also often used to mean food-grade salt or table salt. |
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Compacted Salt |
Salt that has been compressed or compacted. There is a distinction between the regularly formed salt tablets or lick blocks (for animal feed) and salt compacted in an unspecific, irregular form, However, essentially tablets and lick blocks are also compacted salts. |
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Crystallised Salt |
In contrast to liquid brine, crystallised salt is salt that exists in solid form, such as food-grade salt and de-icing salt. |
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Epsom Salt |
Magnesium sulphate (also known as epsomite) |
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Food grade salt |
In general, food grade salt is understood to be sodium chloride or common salt that is absorbed through food. Food grade salt is one of the most important mineral substances in human nutrition. |
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Halite |
Sodium chloride |
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Industrial Salt |
Salt of the quality used in manufacturing and processing industries, eg dyeing salts for the textile industry, hide curing salts for leather and fur processing, salt for the treatment of animal bowels and water softening salt for water softening purposes. Both rock salt and vacuum salt are used as industrial salt. |
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Pharma Salt |
Salt is an important basic substance for the pharmaceutical industry. For example, infusions and dialysis solutions are created from it. Moreover, salt is used in the production of medicines and dietary supplements as well as cosmetic and wellness products. Salt of the quality produced for the pharmaceutical industry is termed pharma salt. These salts are vacuum salt with the highest level of purity. |
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Rock salt |
Rock salt is a mineral compound with a very high sodium chloride (NaCl) content, which varies depending on the deposit. Tellus high grade rock salt is 95-99 % NaCl and is suitable as a food-grade salt even without further purification. Rock salt is extracted by miners underground. First larger pieces of salt are detached from the salt deposit by boring and blasting. These are then brought to the surface and crushed, sieved and packaged in the processing plant. |
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Salt for chemical use |
Salt for chemical use is salt of the quality obtained by chloralkali electrolysis. By this process, the chemical industry obtains the basic chemicals chlorine, hydrogen and sodium hydroxide, which it requires for the production of plastics (e.g. PVC - polyvinyl chloride). |
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Vacuum salt |
Vacuum salt is obtained from saturated brine by means of evaporation. Either a natural source of brine can be exploited or the solution mining process used. |
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Water softening salt |
Water softening salts are used in water softening facilities and dishwashers. They are used to regenerate the ion-exchange material, ie to restore its ability to absorb for the hardness constituents in the water - primarily calcium and magnesium ions. Soft water helps to prevent lime residues e.g. in dishwashers or on crockery and to improve the effectiveness of hot water installations. One of the most important properties of water softening salt is its high sodium chloride content and rapid solubility. Water softening salts are, depending on the application and installation, usually created from pure vacuum salt and offered in various degrees of granularity, compacted or in tablet form. |
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| Chemical Formula |
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Mineral Name |
Chemical Formulae |
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Anhydrite |
CaSO4 |
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Bischofite |
MgCl2.6H2O |
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Calcite |
CaCO3 |
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Carnallite |
MgCl2.KCl.6H2O |
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Dolomite |
CaMg(CO3)2 |
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Epsomite |
MgSO4.7H2O |
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Gypsum |
CaSO4.2H2O |
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Halite |
NaCl |
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Polyhalite |
K2SO4.MgSO4.2CaSO4.2H2O |
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Sylvinite |
KCl + NaCl |
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Sylvite |
KCl |
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